1. If you remove all of
the functional groups from an organic molecule so that it has only carbon and
hydrogen atoms, the molecule becomes a _____ molecule.
A) carbohydrate
B) carbonyl
C) carboxyl
D) hydrocarbon
2,All of the following are
true of protein denaturation except that it
A) is a shape change
B) is always irreversible
C) may be caused by a pH
change
D) could result from a
temperature change
3,There are several levels
of protein structure, the most complex of which is
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
4, Nucleic acids are
chains of 5-carbon sugars linked by ____ bonds with an organic base protruding
from each sugar.
A) amino
B) phosphodiester
C) carboxyl
D) phosphate
5, With respect to
galactose, glucose is
A) a stereoisomer
B) a structural isomer
C) not an isomer
D) unrelated except that
they are both sugars
6, The functional group -
NH2 is a(n)
A) carboxyl group
B) amino group
C) hydroxyl group
D) phosphate group
E) carbonyl group
7, Which of the following
is not a lipid?
A) chitin
B) terpenes
C) steroids
D) prostaglandins
E) unsaturated fat
8, Glucose is a
A) protein
B) disaccharide
C) nucleic acid
D) monosaccharide
E) starch
9, Double helix describes
the structure of a molecule of
A) protein
B) disaccharide
C) starch
D) monosaccharide
E) DNA
10, Triacylglycerol
contains fatty acids and
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) glycerol
D) guanine
E) an amino group
11, Animals store glucose
in the form of
A) amylose
B) glycogen
C) glycerol
D) guanine
E) cellulose
12, What is the yield of
chemical energy, on average, for every gram of carbohydrate and every gram of
fat that is utilized?
A) 4 kcal each
B) 9 kcal each
C) 4 kcal and 9 kcal,
respectively
D) 9 kcal and 4 kcal,
respectively
E) 40 kcal and 90 kcal,
respectively
13, In the formation of a
macromolecule, what type of bond would join two amino acid subunits?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) peptide bond
14, In the formation of a
macromolecule, what type of reaction would join two subunits together?
A) hydrophobic reaction
B) hydrolysis reaction
C) dehydration reaction
D) denaturation reaction
15, The sequence of amino
acids in a polypeptide is called the
A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) tertiary structure
D) quaternary structure
16, The globular shape of
a protein is called the
A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) tertiary structure
D) quaternary structure
17, In a DNA molecule,
what holds together nitrogenous bases from the two polymer chains?
A) phosphodiester bonds
B) ionic bonds
C) covalent bonds
D) peptide bonds
E) hydrogen bonds
18, Assuming they all had
the same number of carbon atoms, which of the following has the most C-H bonds?
A) an unsaturated fat
B) a polyunsaturated fat
C) a polysaccharide
D) a saturated fat
19, Why is cellulose so
difficult for most animals to digest?
A) they don't have the
proper enzyme to break the bonds between subunits
B) cellulose is made up of
chitin, which is indigestible
C) the bonds holding
cellulose subunits together are extremely strong, stronger than in any other
macromolecule
D) there are many hydrogen
bonds holding the subunits together
20, What happens during a
hydrolysis reaction?
A) protein coils into its
secondary structure
B) the bond between two
subunits of a macromolecule is broken
C) saturated fats become
unsaturated
D) a bond is formed between
two subunits of a macromolecule
E) water breaks ionic bonds
21, Which of the following
is not a disaccharide?
A) sucrose
B) maltose
C) lactose
D) amylose
E) all of the above are
disaccarides
22, The general term for a
large molecule made up of many similar subunits is
A) polymer
B) functional group
C) peptide
D) helix
E) pectin
23, Dehydration and
hydrolysis reactions involve removing or adding _______________ to
macromolecule subunits.
A) C and O
B) CH and NH2
C) C and H
D) COOH and H
E) OH and H
24, The empirical formula
for carbohydrates is
A) (CHO)2
B) (CH20)n
C) 2(CHO)n
D) (C2HO)n
E) (CnHnOn)2
25, Which of the following
nitrogenous bases is found in DNA but is not found in RNA?
A) adenine
B) guanine
C) cytosine
D) thymine
E) uracil
26, What type of
macromolecule carries out catalysis in biological systems?
A) proteins called enzymes
B) carbohydrates called
starches
C) lipids called steroids
D) nucleic acids called DNA
E) carbohydrates called
sugars
27, In nucleic acids, the
purine nitrogenous bases are
A) uracil and thymine
B) cytosine and guanine
C) thymine and cytosine
D) adenine and guanine
E) guanine and thymine
28, In proteins, elements
of secondary structure combine to form a(n)
A) domain
B) motif
C) alpha helix
D) beta sheet
E) chaperone
29, Molecules that have
the same chemical formula but have different molecular structures are called
A) isotopes
B) ions
C) structural isotopes
D) isomers
E) both a and c
30, A hydrocarbon is said
to be saturated if:
A) one end of the molecule
is hydrophilic while the other end is hydrophobic.
B) it has one or more double
bonds between carbon atoms.
C) it contains more than one
functional group.
D) each internal carbon atom
is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
E) its functional groups
include at least one aromatic ring.
31, At what level(s) of
protein structure would you expect to find disulfide bridges?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) only in b and c
32, Polymerization
reactions in which polysaccharides are synthesized from monosaccharides or proteins
are synthesized from amino acids:
A) result in the formation
of water.
B) are hydrolysis reactions.
C) release energy.
D) result in the formation
of covalent bonds between monomers called peptide bonds.
E) all of the above.
33, Which of the following
is a characteristic of proteins?
A) Some may enhance the rate
of specific chemical reactions.
B) They may form either
long, thin fibrous molecules or compact, rounded globular molecules.
C) They store genetic
information for cellular metabolism.
D) They form through
hydrolysis reactions.
E) a and b
34, Amino acids and
proteins are ionized at typical biological pH such that both the amino group
and the carboxyl group gain hydrogen ions to become -NH3+ and -COOH,
respectively.
A) True
B) False
35, A protein with
quaternary structure contains four domains.
A) True
B) False
36, Both glycoside and
peptide linkages result from dehydration synthesis.
A) True
B) False
37, Glycogen, starch, and
cellulose are all polymers of glucose.
A) True
B) False
38, Hydrolysis of one
molecule of a triglyceride to glycerol and fatty acids yields two molecules of
water.
A) True
B) False
39, Which element occurs
in nucleic acids?
A) calcium
B) phosphorus
C) manganese
D) sulfur
E) iron
40, The group of molecules
called nucleotides contain:
A) phosphate groups.
B) pyrimidines.
C) purines.
D) pentose (a 5-carbon
sugar).
E) all of the above.
41, Nucleotides have a
nitrogenous base attached to a sugar at the:
A) 1' carbon
B) 2' carbon
C) 3' carbon
D) 4' carbon
E) 5' carbon
42, The two strands of a
DNA double helix are held together by:
A) ionic bonds.
B) hydrogen bonds.
C) nonpolar covalent bonds.
D) polar covalent bonds.
E) hydrophobic exclusions.
43, Molecular chaperones
A) are found in the nucleus
and aid in folding of DNA
B) degrade proteins that
have folded incorrectly
C) help new proteins fold
correctly and repair incorrectly folded proteins
D) are only present in cells
that are exposed to high temperatures
E) work through hydrophobic
interactionsANSWER
- 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. E 10. C
- 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. B
- 21. D 22. A 23. E 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30 D
- 31. E 32. A 33. E 34. B 35. B 36. A 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. E
- 41. A 42. B 43. C
