EXCERCISE
1.The site of life's origin is
1.The site of life's origin is
A) the ocean's edge
B) unknown
C) under frozen oceans
D) near deep-sea vents
2. The earliest cellular
life forms appear to have been
A) viruses
B) one-celled plants
C) one-celled animals
D) bacteria
3. Life on earth is carbon
based. Similar molecules could be formed with
A) potassium
B) aluminum
C) iron
D) silicon
4. Scientists generally
agree that the first molecules formed as life evolved were
A) proteins
B) RNA
C) peptides and nucleic
acids
D) none of the above
5. Of the following, ____
was not contained in the Miller-Urey original mixture.
A) water
B) nitrogen
C) hydrogen
D) phosphorus
6. Which of the following
organisms alive today is likely to be most similar to the first life forms that
evolved on the earth?
A) methane-producing
bacteria
B) cyanobacteria
C) algae
D) dinosaurs
E) humans
7. Which of the following
gases is least likely to have existed in the early atmosphere of the earth?
A) NH3
B) CO2
C) N2
D) H2O
E) O2
8. How old is the earth?
A) 4.6 billion years old
B) 3.5 billion years old
C) 2.5 billion years old
D) 1.5 billion years old
E) 0.5 billion years old
9. How long did the earth
exist before life appeared on it?
A) 4.5 billion years
B) 2.7 billion years
C) 1 billion years
D) 1 million years
E) 3 thousand years
10.Which of the following
was not a source of energy on the early earth?
A) lightning
B) ozone
C) ultraviolet radiation
D) volcanic eruptions
E) all of the above were
a source of energy
11. How long have bacteria
lived on the earth?
A) 4.5 billion years
B) 3.5 billion years
C) 2.5 billion years
D) 1.5 billion years
12. Within our own solar
system, the most likely candidate for having life on it is
A) our moon
B) Jupiter
C) Venus
D) the sun
E) Europa, a moon of
Jupiter
13. The oldest fossils
found so far date back to the
A) Cambrian Period
B) Archean Era
C) Phanerozoic Era
D) Proterozoic Era
14. Multicellular fossils
appear at the beginning of the
A) Proterozoic Era
B) Precambrian Period
C) Archean Era
D) Phanerozoic Era
E) Cambrian Period
15. Which of the following
traits evolved last (i.e., most recently)?
A) prokaryotic cells
B) eukaryotic cells
C) multicellularity
D) photosynthesis
E) heredity
16. Approximately what
percentage of today's atmosphere is oxygen?
A) 21%
B) 73%
C) 1%
D) 50%
E) 13%
17. What gas in today's
atmosphere shields us from ultraviolet radiation?
A) ozone
B) nitrogen
C) oxygen
D) carbon dioxide
E) carbon monoxide
18. Miller and Urey's
experiments proved that
A) life evolved on earth
from inanimate chemicals
B) coacervates were the
first type of protocells
C) complex organic
molecules can form spontaneously under conditions that probably existed on the
early earth
D) RNA can act as an
enzyme and assemble new RNA molecules from RNA templates
E) bacteria were the
first type of living organism to appear on the earth
19. Which of the following
is not a characteristic of all living organisms?
A) reproduction
B) heredity
C) metabolism
D) movement from place to
place
E) all of the above are
characteristics of all living organisms
20. Which of the following
is not found in a lipid coacervate droplet or a proteinoid microsphere?
A) the ability to grow
B) a nucleus
C) a two-layer boundary
D) division by pinching
in two
E) the ability to carry
out chemical reactions
21. The Miller-Urey
experiments yielded
A) urea
B) hydrogen cyanide
C) amino acids
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
22. What did Miller and
Urey use as a source of energy in their experiments?
A) actual lightning
B) UV light
C) an electrical spark
D) radioactivity
E) volcanoes
23. The oxygen that is
present in our atmosphere comes primarily from the
A) eruption of volcanoes
B) breakdown of ozone
C) breathing of animals
D) photosynthesis of
plants, algae, and bacteria
E) none of the above
24. All of the following
have been proposed as a type of protocell except
A) coacervates
B) microspheres
C) endosymbionts
D) micelles
E) protobionts
25. According to the
scientific theory of the origin of life on earth, life arose spontaneously from
inanimate chemicals. Do scientists think this process is still going on on our
planet today?
A) yes, it probably is
B) no, because conditions
on earth have changed and are no longer conducive to spontaneous evolution of
life
26. Which of the following
criteria is necessary and sufficient by itself to define life?
A) movement
B) sensitivity
C) complexity
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
27. Which of the following
possible explanations of the origin of life on earth allows testable hypotheses
to be constructed?
A) evolution
B) spontaneous origin
C) extraterrestrial
origin
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
28. The Miller-Urey
experiment demonstrated
A) how RNA could have
been the first organic molecule
B) that simple molecules
could not have evolved spontaneously
C) the kinds of molecules
that could have been produced on the early earth
D) that oxygen was
required for the formation of molecules on early earth
E) the formation of the
first cells
29. What molecule produced
in experiments performed by others (using Miller-Urey's model) is key to
explaining the evolution of the hereditary molecules (DNA and RNA)?
A) hydrogen gas
B) oxygen
C) proline
D) aspartic acid
E) adenine
30. Evidence indicates that
microfossils already existed at least:
A) 4.5 billion years ago.
B) 3.5 billion years ago.
C) 1.3 billion years ago.
D) 1 million years ago
E) 6000 years ago
31. Which of the following
is not a characteristic of the first cells?
A) heterotroph
B) single-celled
C) genome composed of RNA
D) anaerobic
E) prokaryotic
32. Microfossils of the
earliest organisms indicate that they resemble the present day spirochetes.
A) True
B) False
33. The early earth was a
harsh environment and present day organisms that could possibly have survived
that type of environment are
A) eukaryotic organisms
B) archeabacteria
C) early plants called
blue-green algae
D) protobionts
E) eubacteria
34. Microfossils found in
rocks that date to be about 1.5 billion years old
A) are believed to be
fossils from Mars meteorites that fell to earth
B) look very similar to
present day cyanobacteria
C) are larger organisms
compared to earlier microfossils
D) are simple in
structure with no internal membranes
E) were originally thought
to be the first eukaryotic cells but this has since been disproved
35. The endosymbiotic
theory explains
A) the origin of all
organelles in eukaryotic cells
B) how bacterial cells
can invade eukaryotic cells and cause disease
C) how mitochondria and
chloroplasts originated from free-living cells
D) how eukaryotic cells
consume food
E) none of the above
36. Multicellularity arose
only once in earth's history but this line branched out 4 times.
A) True
B) False
37. Living organisms are
classified into 6 different kingdoms. However, these kingdoms are not static
and will change in the future.
A) True
B) FalseANSWER
- 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. E 8. A 9. C 10. B
- 11. B 12. E 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B
- 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. E 27. A 28. C 29.E 30. B
- 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. B 37. A
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