TRY OUT ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

1. Choose the  statement  about  steroid  hormones that  is 'incorrect.

A.      Steroids are lipids  with  complex ring structures.

B.       Steroids can pass through their  target   cell membrane and interact   with receptors in the  nucleus.

C.       Steroids employ  first  and second  messengers that  amplify the  cellular  response.

D.      The estrogens and testosterone  are examples of steroid  hormones.

2. Prostaglandins are ............... substances that  regulate neighboring cells.

A.      endocrine

B.       paracrine

C.       eksocrine

D.      glycoprotein

3. Cyclic AMP functions as a(n)............... for.......... hormones.

A.      binding  site;  nonsteroid

B.       membrane receptor; steroid

C.       activity  site;  G protein

D.      second  messenger; nonsteroid

4. Which of these  is not  a method the  body  uses to  regulate its hormonal releases?

A.      negative feedback

B.       direct  nervous stimulation

C.       release  of tropic  hormones

D.      degradation of the  endocrine gland

5. Where  are the  posterior pituitary hormones manufactured?

A.      in neurosecretory cells that  originate in the  hypothalamus

B.       in the  posterior pituitary

C.       in the  anterior pituitary

D.      in the  brain  stem

6. There  are several  types  of cells in the  anterior pituitary. Which ones  secrete  growth   hormone?

A.      mammatropes

B.       gonadotropes

C.       corticotropes

a.       somatotropes

7. Which one of these  anterior pituitary hormones shows  increased secretion in response to stress?

A.      thyroid-stimulating  hormone

B.       adrenocorticotropic hormone

C.       luteinizing hormone

D.      prolactin

8. Drinking alcoholic beverages on hot  days  is not  safe  because alcohol  inhibits  the  release  of ................, helps to  conserve water  during  dehydration.

A.      antidiuretic hormone

B.       oxytocin

C.       thyroxine

D.      triiodothyronine

9. The thyroid   hormones are responsible for regulating metabolic rate  and calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the  blood.  Which thyroid   hormone lowers  calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the  blood?

A.      thyroxine

B.       triiodothyronine

C.       calcitonin

D.      thyroid-stimulating  hormone

10. Hypothyroidism in infants  can result  in                              _

A.      Grave's disease

B.       Cretinism

C.       Hashimoto's disease

D.      Myxedema

11. The hormone  ............. , which  is secreted by the  adrenal ........                                , causes the  kidney  to  conserve sodium  and excrete  potassium ions and indirectly helps  to maintain systemic blood  pressure.

A.      aldosterone;  cortex

B.       angiotensin I;  medulla

C.       cortisol; cortex

D.      epinephrine; medulla

12. Sex hormones are secreted by                                   _

A.      all endocrine tissues   of the  body

B.       the  inner  cortex  of the  adrenal medulla

C.       the  inner  cortex  of the  adrenal medulla and the  gonads

D.      the  gonads

13. In the  pancreas .............................. cells secrete  insulin,  which .............                              blood  levels  of glucose.

A.      delta;  raises

B.       alpha;  lowers

C.       beta;  raises

D.      beta;  lowers

14. What  seems to  be the  cause  of juvenile-onset  or insulin-dependent  diabetes mellitus (lDDM)?

A.      The receptors on the target   cells become no longer  responsive to  insulin.

B.       Immune cells attack  the  pancreas that  can then  no longer  produce insulin.

C.     The individual consumes too  much sugar, which  causes  an overload in the

bloodstream.

D.  Obesity seems to  be the  most  common cause  of IDDM.

15. ------------  The endocrine gland  responsible for the  body's  circadian rhythm  is the gland

A.      thymus

B.       pineal

C.       parathyroid

D.      pituitary

16. Which of these  'is not  an endocrine property?

A.      hormones reach targets   through the  blood

B.       effects  are slow  and cyclic

C.       rapid  acting  effects

D.      effects  caused  by chemicals

17. Which of these  does  not  belong  with  the  others?

A.      protein

B.       peptide

C.       amino  acid

D.      steroid

18. ...............   In the  "second messenger" theory,  which  is the  first  messenger?

A.      cAMP

B.       hormone

C.       enzyme

D.      receptor

19. Which of these  is not  an endocrine gland?

A.      pancreas

B.       testes

C.       salivary gland

D.      parathyroid

20. Which not  a function of the  hypothalamus?

A.      affect  heart  rate

B.       control  temperature

C.       affect  water  balance

D.      secrete  FSH

21. Which of these  hormones is made  by the  posterior pituitary?

A.      FSH

B.       LH

C.       ACTH

D.      ADH

22. Which hormone directly  affects  blood  pressure?

A.      ADH

B.       Insulin

C.       PTH

D.      ACTH

23. The hormone.................... causes the  contractions of labor.

A.      prolactin

B.       estrogen

C.       oxytocin

D.      progesterone

24. Which hormone has the  greatest  influence on the  ability  to  secrete  milk?

A.      oxytocin

B.       estrogen

C.       prolactin

D.      progesterone

25. Which hormone causes  excessive skeletal growth   or giantism?

A.      somatotropin

B.       testosterone

C.       insulin

D.      somatostatin

26. Which of these  does  not  directly  stimulate the  gonads?

A.      FSH

B.       TSH

C.       LH

D.      ICSH                                           

27. Which hormone has the  greatest  effect  on metabolism?

A.      GH

B.       Thyroxine

C.       TSH

D.      ACTH